17 Provisions


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At
December 31,
2007
£m
Exchange
adjustments
£m
Acquisitions/
disposals of
businesses
£m
Unused
amounts
reversed
£m
Charged to
income
statement
£m
Utilised
£m
At
December 31,
2008
£m
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Warranties and guarantees 165 19 1 (6) 39 (36) 182
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Contract loss 28 4 19 (13) 38
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Customer financing 44 5 29 (5) 73
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Insurance 40 (2) 4 (4) 38
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Restructuring 11 (2) 16 (9) 16
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Other 13 2 (2) (1) 11 (1) 22
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  301 30 (1) (11) 118 (68) 369
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Analysed as:              
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            2008
£m
2007
£m
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Current liabilities           181 121
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Non-current liabilities           188 180
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            369 301
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Provisions for warranties and guarantees primarily relate to products sold and generally cover a period of up to three years.

Provisions for contract loss and restructuring are generally expected to be utilised within two years.

The Group's captive insurance company retains a portion of the exposures it insures on behalf of the remainder of the Group. Significant delays occur in the notification and settlement of claims and judgement is involved in assessing outstanding liabilities, the ultimate cost and timing of which cannot be known with certainty at the balance sheet date. The insurance provisions are based on information currently available, however it is inherent in the nature of the business that ultimate liabilities may vary. Provisions for outstanding claims are established to cover the outstanding expected liability as well as claims incurred but not yet reported. Other provisions comprise a number of liabilities with varying expected utilisation rates.

Customer financing provisions cover guarantees provided for asset value and/or financing. These guarantees are considered to be insurance contracts in nature and provision is made in accordance with IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts and IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. These guarantees, the risks arising and the process used to assess the extent of the risk are described under the heading ‘Sales financing’ in the Finance Director’s review page. The related contingent liabilities arising from these guarantees and the sensitivity to movements in the value of the underlying security are discussed in note 23. Based on the assumptions used to estimate the customer finance provision, it is estimated that the provision will be utilised as follows:


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  2008
£m
2007
£m
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Potential claims with specific claim dates:    
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In one year or less 1
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In more than one year but less than five years 6 3
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In more than five years 27 14
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Potential claims that may arise at any time by date of expiry of the guarantee:    
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Up to one year 31 16
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Up to five years 4 4
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Thereafter 5 6
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  73 44
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